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Creating a Simple Python App to Demonstrate CRUD Functionality using Azure Functions

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Creating a Simple Python App to Demonstrate CRUD Functionality using Azure Functions

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Introduction

Azure Functions is a serverless compute service that enables you to run event-triggered code without having to explicitly provision or manage infrastructure. This tutorial will guide you through creating a simple Python app that demonstrates CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) functionality using Azure Functions. Additionally, we will cover local testing using Azure Functions Core Tools.

Step-by-Step Guide

Step 1: Install Azure Functions Core Tools

First, ensure that you have Azure Functions Core Tools installed on your machine. You can install it by following the instructions (for your OS) here: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-functions/functions-run-local?tabs=linux%2Cisolated-process%2Cnode-v4%2Cpython-v2%2Chttp-trigger%2Ccontainer-apps&pivots=programming-language-python

For Linux distros:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install azure-functions-core-tools-4

Step 2: Initialize Your Azure Functions Project

Create a new directory for your project and navigate into it:

mkdir azure-demo
cd azure-demo

Initialize a new Azure Functions project:

func init azure-functions-crud --worker-runtime python --model V2

Step 3: Create HTTP Trigger Functions

Inside your project directory, create new HTTP trigger functions for each CRUD operation. You can create functions using the following command:

func new --template "Http Trigger" --name MyHttpTrigger

Step 4: Implement CRUD Operations

Replace the content of the generated function_app.py file with the following code to implement the CRUD operations:

import azure.functions as func
import logging
import json

app = func.FunctionApp(http_auth_level=func.AuthLevel.ANONYMOUS)

tasks = []

@app.route(route="add-task", methods=["POST"])
def add_task(req: func.HttpRequest) -> func.HttpResponse:
    logging.info('Python HTTP trigger function processed a request to add a new task.')

    try:
        req_body = req.get_json()
        task_id = len(tasks) + 1
        task = {
            'id': task_id,
            'title': req_body.get('title')
        }
        tasks.append(task)
        return func.HttpResponse(json.dumps(task), status_code=201, mimetype="application/json")
    except ValueError:
        return func.HttpResponse("Invalid input", status_code=400)

@app.route(route="get-task", methods=["GET"])
def get_task(req: func.HttpRequest) -> func.HttpResponse:
    logging.info('Python HTTP trigger function processed a request to get task by id.')

    try:
        task_id = int(req.params["id"]) - 1
        return func.HttpResponse(json.dumps(tasks[task_id]), status_code=200, mimetype="application/json")
    except ValueError:
        return func.HttpResponse("Invalid input", status_code=400)

@app.route(route="update-task", methods=["PUT"])
def update_task(req: func.HttpRequest) -> func.HttpResponse:
    logging.info('Python HTTP trigger function processed a request to update task by id.')

    try:
        task_id = int(req.params["id"]) - 1
        req_body = req.get_json()
        tasks[task_id]['title'] = req_body.get('title')
        return func.HttpResponse(json.dumps({"message": "Updated", "task": tasks[task_id]}), status_code=200, mimetype="application/json")
    except ValueError:
        return func.HttpResponse("Invalid input", status_code=400)

@app.route(route="delete-task", methods=["DELETE"])
def delete_tasks(req: func.HttpRequest) -> func.HttpResponse:
    logging.info('Python HTTP trigger function processed a request to delete task by id.')

    try:
        task_id = int(req.params["id"]) - 1
        tasks.pop(task_id)
        return func.HttpResponse("Deleted", status_code=200, mimetype="application/json")
    except ValueError:
        return func.HttpResponse("Invalid input", status_code=400)

@app.route(route="get-all-tasks", methods=["GET"])
def get_all_tasks(req: func.HttpRequest) -> func.HttpResponse:
    logging.info('Python HTTP trigger function processed a request to get all tasks.')

    return func.HttpResponse(json.dumps(tasks), status_code=200, mimetype="application/json")

Step 5: Test Your Azure Functions Locally and Deploy to Azure

You can test your Azure Functions locally by starting the Azure Functions host. Run the following command in your project directory:

func start

This will start the local Azure Functions runtime, and you will see URLs for each of your functions. You can use tools like curl or Postman to test the HTTP endpoints.

Example Requests

Add Task

curl -X POST http://localhost:7071/api/add-task -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"title": "New Task"}'

Get Task by ID

curl http://localhost:7071/api/get-task?id=1

Update Task

curl -X PUT http://localhost:7071/api/update-task?id=1 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"title": "Updated Task"}'

Delete Task

curl -X DELETE http://localhost:7071/api/delete-task?id=1

Get All Tasks

curl http://localhost:7071/api/get-all-tasks

You can publish the azure functions by running the following command:

func azure functionapp publish <FunctionAppName>

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we have created a simple Python application that demonstrates CRUD functionality using Azure Functions. We also covered how to test these functions locally using Azure Functions Core Tools. With this setup, you can easily extend the functionality and deploy it to Azure for a scalable, serverless application.

Microsoft documentation on developing Azure functions: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-functions/functions-run-local?tabs=linux%2Cisolated-process%2Cnode-v4%2Cpython-v2%2Chttp-trigger%2Ccontainer-apps&pivots=programming-language-python

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